Internal component of the device that helps in connecting each device to the network and operate the Data link layer in OSI model. This is called Network Interface card
Repeater
Every medium has a limited range of reliable data transfer after the signal get it will become weak. Hence repeater is used to amplify and regenerate the signal from one device to another device over network.
Hubs
Hub is the center point of the network.
Hubs allow multiple device to be attached at the same time .
Hubs are of three types
Passive hubs, Active hubs, Intelligent Hubs
Switches
Switches forward the packets only to the intended recipients of the packets preventing the wastage of the network bandwidth and optimizing efficiency
Modem
Modem it can be classified in to two types
Modulator and Demodulator
Modulator
It converts the digital signals of the computer to the analog signal and can be transmitted through telephone line.
Demodulator
It converts the analog signals to the digital signal.
Gateway
Gateway is the device that acts as an interconnection for network device.
Routers
Router maintain routing table of the information about routing of the data packet. There are hardware device that provide connectivity with different topologies or network with different standard.
Router depends on protocol for their functionality.
Brouters
Brouters are hardware devices that can function as router and bridges.
There are also protocol dependants.
Brouter acts as a router when it recognizes the associated network protocol.
If it does not the brouter acts as a bridge and forward the data packet to the adjacent Network segment.